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Bulbar palsy refers to impairment of function of the cranial nerves IX, X, XI and XII, which occurs due to a ''lower motor neuron'' lesion either at nuclear or fascicular level in the medulla oblongata or from lesions of the lower cranial nerves outside the brainstem.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 publisher = Palsy )〕 In contrast, pseudobulbar palsy describes impairment of function of cranial nerves IX-XII due to ''upper motor neuron'' lesions of the corticobulbar tracts in the mid-pons. For clinically evident dysfunction to occur, such lesions must be bilateral as these cranial nerve nuclei receive bilateral innervation. Bulbar palsy is an assortment of signs and symptoms, not the name of a precise disease. ==Causes== * Genetic: Kennedy's disease, acute intermittent porphyria * Vascular causes: medullary infarction * Degenerative diseases: motor neuron disease (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis), syringobulbia * Inflammatory/infective: Guillain-Barré syndrome, poliomyelitis, Lyme disease * Malignancy: brain-stem glioma, malignant meningitis * Toxic: botulism * Autoimmune: myasthenia gravis 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「bulbar palsy」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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